Magma residence time, ascent rate and eruptive style of the November ash-laden activity during the 2021 Tajogaite eruption (La Palma, Spain)

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Barbara Bonechi
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0242-4320
Margherita Polacci
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3318-8700
Fabio Arzilli
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5293-7300
Jorge Romero
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9383-9830
Jonathan Fellowes
Mike Burton
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3779-4812

Abstract

We combined compositional analyses, crystal size distributions and geothermobarometry of tephra erupted during the 2021 Tajogaite eruption (La Palma, Spain), focusing on samples collected in November 2021 associated with a period of abundant ash emission characteristic of the second half of the eruption (from October onwards). Magma erupted in November exhibits a more primitive basanitic composition than the earlier magma. Crystallisation temperatures range between ~1100–1160 °C (H2O = 1–3 wt.%) for phenocrysts and microphenocrysts, with corresponding pressures indicating depths from ~10 to ~30 km. Crystal size distribution analysis reveals short (minutes) residence times for plagioclase. Finally, magma ascent velocities (~0.01–0.3 m s−1) suggest acceleration and fragmentation in the shallowest part of the conduit. Our results suggest that the trigger of the November explosive activity can be attributed to complex feedback between gas emission rates, changes in conduit geometry, and magma ascent rate.

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How to Cite
Bonechi, B., Polacci, M., Arzilli, F., Romero, J., Fellowes, J. and Burton, M. (2024) “Magma residence time, ascent rate and eruptive style of the November ash-laden activity during the 2021 Tajogaite eruption (La Palma, Spain)”, Volcanica, 7(1), pp. 51–65. doi: 10.30909/vol.07.01.5165.
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Dates
Received 2023-07-12
Accepted 2023-12-19
Published 2024-01-31
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