Subglacial volcano monitoring with fibre-optic sensing: Grímsvötn, Iceland

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Sara Klaasen
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4094-7891
Solvi Thrastarson
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0931-6776
Yeşim Çubuk-Sabuncu
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9572-3468
Kristín Jónsdóttir
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0589-929X
Lars Gebraad
Patrick Paitz
Andreas Fichtner
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3090-963X

Abstract

We present a distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) experiment at Grímsvötn, Iceland. This is intended to investigate volcano-microseismicity at Grímsvötn specifically, and to assess the suitability of DAS as a subglacial volcano monitoring tool in general. In spring 2021, we trenched a 12 km long fiber-optic cable into the ice sheet around and within the caldera, followed by nearly one month of continuous recording. An image processing algorithm that exploits spatial coherence in DAS data detects on average ~100 events per day, almost 2 orders of magnitude more than in the regional earthquake catalog. A nonlinear Bayesian inversion reveals the presence of pronounced seismicity clusters, containing events with magnitudes between −3.4 and 1.7. Their close proximity to surface volcanic features suggests a geothermal origin. In addition to painting a fine-scale picture of seismic activity at Grímsvötn, this work confirms the potential of DAS in subglacial volcano monitoring.

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How to Cite
Klaasen, S., Thrastarson, S., Çubuk-Sabuncu, Y., Jónsdóttir, K., Gebraad, L., Paitz, P. and Fichtner, A. (2023) “Subglacial volcano monitoring with fibre-optic sensing: Grímsvötn, Iceland”, Volcanica, 6(2), pp. 301–311. doi: 10.30909/vol.06.02.301311.
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Dates
Received 2023-05-09
Accepted 2023-07-02
Published 2023-09-05
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